While both 4WD (four-wheel drive) and AWD (all-wheel drive) are drivetrain systems that distribute power to all four wheels of a vehicle, there are some key differences between them.
In the rental industry in Australia - normally only 4wd's are allowed on unsealed recognized or gazetted roads in Australia. Each supplier has slightly different terms and where they will let their vehicles travel to. The larger the supplier often more restricted use. AWD All Wheel Driver generally only allowed on sealed roads with Australian rental companies.
The main difference is that 4WD systems are typically designed for off-road use or heavy-duty applications, while AWD systems are generally intended for on-road use and offer better handling and traction in slippery conditions. Here are some more specific differences:
Control: 4WD systems are often manually controlled by the driver, and can typically be engaged or disengaged as needed. AWD systems, on the other hand, are typically always engaged and are controlled automatically by the vehicle's computer.
Torque: 4WD systems generally provide more torque and power to the wheels, making them better for off-road use and towing. AWD systems distribute power more evenly, making them better for on-road handling and stability.
Weight: 4WD systems are typically heavier and bulkier than AWD systems, which can affect fuel economy and handling.
Compatibility: 4WD systems are typically only available on trucks and SUVs, while AWD systems can be found on a wider range of vehicles, including sedans and crossovers.
In summary, 4WD is generally better for off-road use and heavy-duty applications, while AWD is better for on-road handling and stability. However, it's worth noting that there is some overlap between the two, and some vehicles may use a hybrid or modified version of both systems.